What aspect of job characteristics measures the degree to which job performance impacts others?

The aspect of job characteristics that measures the degree to which job performance affects others is task significance. This concept refers to how important a job is perceived to be in terms of its impact on the lives or work of other people. When employees understand that their work has a significant effect on others, it can enhance their motivation and satisfaction.

In this context, task significance highlights the meaningfulness of an individual's role within an organization, indicating that their contributions are valuable and appreciated. This understanding can lead to increased commitment and performance, as employees recognize the larger purpose of their tasks.

Skill variety refers to the range of skills and activities involved in a job, while task identity relates to the degree to which a job involves completing a whole and identifiable piece of work. Autonomy deals with the level of independence and discretion employees have in how they perform their tasks. While these factors are important for job design and overall job satisfaction, they do not specifically measure the impact of job performance on others, which is the essence of task significance.