What does equal employment opportunity require from firms?

Equal employment opportunity (EEO) requires firms to implement practices that ensure all employees are treated consistently irrespective of protected characteristics such as race, gender, age, disability, or religion. This principle aims to create a fair and equitable workplace where hiring, promotions, job assignments, and other employment decisions are made based solely on an individual's qualifications and performance, rather than any unrelated attributes.

By adhering to this requirement, companies not only comply with legal standards but also foster an inclusive culture that enhances employee morale and productivity. Designing practices that promote fairness helps minimize discrimination and allows for a diverse workforce, which has been shown to bring various perspectives and ideas, ultimately benefiting the organization.

In contrast, the other options do not align with the essence of equal employment opportunity. Seniority-based treatment fails to account for merit and could perpetuate inequality. Prioritizing the hiring of minority groups without considering qualifications may lead to reverse discrimination, and offering higher wages based on personal connections undermines the meritocratic principles EEO strives to promote. Thus, option B embodies the core requirement of equal employment opportunity by emphasizing consistent treatment across all employees, honoring their individual capabilities and contributions.