Which characteristic is NOT commonly associated with organizational structure?

Decentralization is not commonly associated with organizational structure in the same way that formalization, division of labor, and span of control are.

Formalization refers to the extent to which rules, procedures, and communication are documented and standardized within an organization. It ensures consistency in operations and helps to guide employee behavior.

Division of labor involves the allocation of specific tasks and responsibilities to different individuals or groups within the organization. This characteristic enhances efficiency and allows for specialization, which can lead to greater productivity.

Span of control defines the number of subordinates that a manager or supervisor can effectively oversee. This characteristic influences organizational hierarchy and communication patterns and is crucial for maintaining efficiency and clarity in management.

In contrast, decentralization describes the distribution of decision-making authority away from a central authority, which can influence how an organization operates but is not a structural characteristic on its own. It relates more to governance and management style rather than the foundational aspects of the organizational structure itself.