Which management approach breaks work down into its simplest elements?

The correct choice focuses on scientific management, a theory developed by Frederick W. Taylor in the early 20th century. This management approach emphasizes optimizing and simplifying work processes to enhance productivity. By breaking work down into its simplest components, scientific management seeks to identify the most efficient way to complete tasks.

Taylor's principles emphasized time studies and standardized working methods, which aimed to eliminate unnecessary motions and maximize efficiency. This method is particularly effective in manufacturing and production environments, where output and efficiency are crucial. By analyzing each task's elements, managers can streamline operations and reduce costs while improving worker productivity.

The other approaches mentioned do not primarily focus on breaking down work into its simplest elements. Behavioral management, for instance, emphasizes the human aspect of work and how motivation and group dynamics impact productivity, rather than dissecting tasks. Human relations management focuses on employee satisfaction and relationships within the workplace, while systems management considers the organization as a whole and how various components interact. Thus, scientific management stands out for its specific focus on task simplification and efficiency.